28 March 2012
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The Federation of SOS Racismo associations in the Spanish state has published the 9th Annual Report on Racism in the Spanish State. Based on their activity in information and reporting offices for race-related incidents, and through scrutiny of cases reported in the press, they elaborate a report which is divided into thematic chapters, with analysis, as well as in-depth treatment of individual cases that illustrate the problems in these specific fields, which include the attempts at "sealing" frontiers, the criminalisation of migrants as a result of the Ley de extranjería (the Spanish immigration law), the longstanding discrimination against the Roma community, police harassment, labour exploitation, Islamophobia and educational segregation, among others. The authors feel that the report illustrates how racism is becoming established in the Spanish state, something that "calls out for a massive and urgent social reaction".
The report is available from: c/Bou de St. Pere, 3, Barcelona. www.sosracisme.org/sosracisme
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2004 ON RACISM IN THE SPANISH STATE
(translation from the presentation of the report, original by SOS Racismo below in Spanish)
The level that is reached by racism in a society is a general indicator of its democratic quality and of its degree of respect for liberties. Racism is not an isolated fact which has its own independent logic, but rather a crude reflection of the society within which it develops. The year 2003, examined in this Report, displays an alarming lack of democratic quality and a strong violation of rights and liberties. In the nine years during which SOS Racismo has been producing its annual Report, we had never observed such a serious expression of racism, in all its dimensions.
In the year 2003, we have seen how politics has a dangerous trend towards becoming limited to security, both at a worldwide level and in state context, whereby in the name of this supposed security rights and liberties are curtailed with increasing impunity. The most vulnerable collectives, including migrants and the Roma, are those who most apparently suffer the consequences of this regression. This affects the whole of society, because it is rights and liberties in general that are threatened. If rights in general are undervalued, the rights of immigrants are experiencing a clear-out sale. When this happens, it is the foundations of the democratic state, a state governed by law and a social state, that are seriously threatened.
Apart from the seriousness of the changes in the Ley de extranjería (the Spanish immigration law), one must add other legal reforms like the reform of the Código Penal (Criminal Code) and the approval of the "Ley de medidas en materia de violencia doméstica, inseguridad ciudadana e integración social de los inmigrantes" (Law on measures in the fields of domestic violence, public insecurity and the social integration of migrants). This hardening of the specific legislation applicable to foreign citizens consolidates a legal framework that is elaborated with xenophobic arguments as a starting point, and creates new spaces of legal apartheid that deny the right for the equal treatment of people by the law.
As a direct consequence of the legislation and immigration policies, this year the figure of 1,000,000 migrants in an illegal situation has been reached. The law forces people to enter illegally, obliging foreigners to turn to 'mafias', and afterwards, it does not offer routes for obtaining regularisation. The Government's immigration policy encourages illegal immigration with the purpose of providing a collective of labour that is cheap, tame and lacking rights for the submerged economy. The fact that there are 1,000,000 people who live and work and are deprived of any rights is a shame, and in flagrant contradiction with the principles of the democratic system.
2003 has been a year of local and regional elections. In this context, we have observed the electoral use that has been made of immigration with indignation, with the fuelling of the population's fears, by linking immigration and crime, presenting immigration as a threat to identity and blaming immigration for social problems. Xenophobic ideas are expressed in an increasingly less disguised fashion, both within society as a whole and by political authorities. This translates into an increase in the level of impunity that racist behaviour enjoys. It is necessary to require political authorities and anyone who intervenes in the creation of public opinion, not just to observe a maximum respect for human rights, but also to make an active commitment for their words and actions to carry out social pedagogic work aimed at spreading this respect. It is also urgent to recover the social State, in order to prevent situations of competition over social resources that should reach all the people who are in need of them, independently of their origins, from arising.
The very grave attacks of 11 March and the unexpected results in the general election on 14 March place us in a new scenario. On the one hand, the change in government opens up the possibility of putting an end to an unfair migration policy. On the other hand, it is necessary to act with the utmost responsibility in response to racist and xenophobic reactions that may arise as a result of the authorship of the attacks. It is necessary to actively curb such reactions from the public authorities and from civil society. From SOS Racismo, we ask the new government to rein in the situation, to base its policy on democratic principles that respect the fundamental rights of all citizens, to incorporate anti-racism in its policies, and for these [policies] to take into account the fact that this state is a country of immigration. There is a need to recover democracy, to fight for the rights and freedoms that it has cost so much effort to secure throughout history, and which, far from becoming universal as would be appropriate, are currently regressing.
INFORME ANUAL 2004 SOBRE EL RACISMO EN EL ESTADO ESPAÑOL
El nivel que alcanza el racismo en una sociedad es un indicador general de su calidad democrática y de su grado de respeto a las libertades. El racismo no es un hecho aislado con una lógica propia e independiente, sino un crudo reflejo de la sociedad en que se desarrolla. El año 2003, que analiza el presente Informe, muestra una alarmante falta de calidad democrática y una fuerte vulneración de derechos y libertades. En los nueve años que SOS Racismo lleva realizando su Informe anual, nunca habíamos observado una manifestación tan grave del racismo en todas sus dimensiones.
En el año 2003, hemos visto como la política tiende peligrosamente a reducirse a la seguridad, tanto a nivel mundial como en el ámbito estatal, y en nombre de esta supuesta seguridad se recortan cada vez con mayor impunidad derechos y libertades. Los colectivos más vulnerables, entre ellos los inmigrantes y el pueblo gitano, son quienes más visiblemente sufren las consecuencias de este retroceso. Esto afecta al conjunto de la sociedad, porque son los derechos y las libertades en general los que están amenazados. Si los derechos en general están de rebajas, los derechos de los extranjeros están en liquidación. Cuando esto ocurre, son las bases del estado democrático, de derecho y social las que están gravemente amenazadas.
A la gravedad de las modificaciones de la ley de extranjería hay que sumarle otras reformas jurídicas como la reforma del Código Penal y la aprobación de la "Ley de medidas en materia de violencia doméstica, inseguridad ciudadana e integración social de los inmigrantes". Este endurecimiento de la normativa específica para los ciudadanos de origen extranjero consolida un marco jurídico elaborado a partir de argumentos xenófobos, y crea nuevos espacios de apartheid jurídico que niegan la igualdad de las personas ante la ley.
Como consecuencia directa de la normativa y las políticas de extranjería, este año se ha alcanzado la cifra de 1.000.000 de inmigrantes en situación irregular. La ley fuerza a entrar de forma irregular, viéndose obligados los extranjeros a ponerse en manos de las mafias, y luego no ofrece vías de regularización. La política migratoria del Gobierno fomenta la inmigración irregular con el objetivo de proporcionar un colectivo de mano de obra barata, dócil y desprovista de derechos a la economía sumergida. Que haya 1.000.000 de personas que viven y trabajan privadas de cualquier derecho es una vergüenza, y una contradicción flagrante con los principios del sistema democrático.
2003 ha sido año de elecciones autonómicas y municipales. En este contexto observamos con indignación el uso electoralista que se ha hecho de la inmigración, potenciando los miedos de la población, vinculando inmigración y delincuencia, presentando la inmigración como una amenaza para la identidad y culpando a la inmigración de los problemas sociales. Las ideas xenófobas se expresan cada vez con menos disimulo, tanto en el conjunto de la sociedad como por parte de responsables políticos. Esto se traduce en el aumento de la impunidad de las conductas racistas. Hay que exigir a los responsables políticos, y a cualquier persona que intervenga en la formación de opinión pública, no sólo el máximo respeto a los derechos humanos sino también un compromiso activo para que en sus palabras y en sus actuaciones realice una labor de pedagogía social para difundir este respeto. Es también urgente una recuperación del Estado social para que no se produzcan situaciones de competencia por unos recursos sociales que deberían alcanzar a todas las personas que los necesitan, independientemente de su origen.
Los gravísimos atentados del 11 de marzo y los inesperados resultados de las elecciones generales del 14 de marzo nos sitúan frente a un nuevo escenario. Por una parte, el cambio de gobierno abre la posibilidad de poner fin a una injusta política migratoria. Por otra parte, es necesario actuar con la máxima responsabilidad frente a las reacciones racistas y xenófobas que se pueden generar a partir de la autoría de los atentados. Hay que frenar activamente estas reacciones desde los poderes públicos y la sociedad civil. Desde SOS Racismo pedimos al nuevo Gobierno que reconduzca la situación, que base su política en principios democráticos que respeten los derechos fundamentales de todos los ciudadanos, que incorpore el antirracismo en sus políticas, y que éstas sean acordes con la realidad del estado como país de inmigración. Es necesario recuperar la democracia, luchar por los derechos y libertades que tanto esfuerzo han costado de conseguir a lo largo de la historia, y que lejos de universalizarse como correspondería, hoy retroceden.
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