Arming NATO's partners

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The United States and other NATO members are planning major arms transfers to selected Central and Eastern European countries - Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. This development is being implicitly encouraged by the terms set out in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PfP) and a new US law - the NATO Participation Act - signed by President Clinton in November. This Act, which is intended to "assist the transition to full NATO membership', links PfP and arms transfers. The four countries are recognised under the Act for the transfer of excess defence equipment and aid under the Foreign Military Financing Programme.

These "Partners" have already begun upgrading their existing equipment to meet the standards of Western technology especially in the areas of electronics and communications. The Pentagon has announced that excess F-16 aircraft are available for transfer to Poland; the Czech Republic has asked Belgium for 24 F-16's and is seeking US help to upgrade the army's T-72 tanks; in September the US Air Force delivered an identification "friend-or-foe" system to Hungary.

One effect of these arms transfers will be to encourage an increase in arms exports from the four countries to finance the modernisation of their military forces - the Czech Republic is planning to export recently decommissioned MIG-29 fighter planes.

BASIC Papers no 6, December 1994; AMOK, Utrecht, Netherlands.

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